We’re releasing XYBench, a benchmark of 8K+ questions that tests how AI assistants respond to requests based on misconceptions, such as asking how to thicken frosting that keeps sliding off cupcakes when the real problem is that the cupcakes are still too warm to frost. XYBench won the Best Resource Paper Award at EMNLP 2026.
What's new in research at Microsoft? Host Anson Ho explores the latest, including AI-powered universal translation, a breakthrough in a 31-year-old mathematics challenge, and advances making AI coding agents faster and more efficient.
Heart disease, kidney conditions, and metabolic disorders like type 2 diabetes aren't isolated, they form an interconnected web known as cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome . CKM progression often begins silently years before symptoms appear, shaped by everyday habits like movement, sleep, and cardiovascular activity.
Microsoft researchers have discovered “Lazarus,” a backdoor technique that can reprogram dormant neurons in an AI model, causing an otherwise normal AI agent to execute malicious commands when a hidden trigger appears. The threat is especially serious for AI agents with tool or terminal access.
AlphaProof Code agents wrote three million lines of proofs in Lean to verify Signal’s core encryption.
The Conference on Robot Learning (CoRL) takes place November 9–12, 2026, in Austin, Texas. BAIR faculty, postdocs and students will be presenting research at various sessions, including an Early Career Keynote from Professor Negar Mehr. See below for the full schedule of sessions with BAIR members, including papers co-authored with collaborators at other universities and companies.
To address these challenges, Elith and NVIDIA have released Nemotron-Personas-Finance-Japan , a financial domain extension of the open-source persona dataset " Nemotron-Personas-Japan ." To our knowledge, it is the first open persona dataset at million-record scale that pairs Japan’s official statistics with household finance and financial literacy data.
Higher-Order Pruning of Experts in Mixture-of-Experts Language Models Introduction Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have enabled state-of-the-art LLMs to be scaled to hundreds of billions of parameters, but they come with a fundamental and costly caveat: every expert MLP must occupy memory at inference time, even though the vast majority are idle for any given token.
AI agents can generate code at a scale that’s hard for humans to review line-by-line. PDD Kit helps ensure the code is doing what the developer intended by creating formal specifications and testing against them. It converts developer intent into a Verus specification, proves AI-generated code meets it for every input, and uses tests where proofs aren't practical.
In a new study published in Nature, we present a multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) system capable of passively detecting signs of hypertension using a consumer smartwatch, without requiring any cuff calibration.
OpenAI built an autonomous pipeline that found, validated, and generated patches for 948 local privilege-escalation vulnerabilities in the Linux kernel.
Machine learning models learn to recognize the world around us from examples labeled by humans. Underlying this process is an assumption that the person doing the labeling has a clear and stable definition of the category in mind before they begin.
We fine-tuned a 20B model to build decks the way people do: a designer plans the deck and a coder draws each slide. Its training data follows the IBM Design Language, and on PresentBench it ranks first on two of the three domains we measured.
We’re introducing StateBench, a benchmark for long-context state tracking —how well language models keep track of information about entities in long documents as they evolve.
Host Sowbhagya Suresh shares some of the latest news and cutting-edge research from across Microsoft—from understanding the challenges facing coding agents to uncovering how people use AI at work and improving extended-range weather forecasting.
Modern LLMs achieve impressive performance via pre-training and in-context learning (ICL). However, once deployed, they remain largely static, operating with a fixed knowledge cutoff date that leaves them unable to acquire long-term capabilities or adapt to new information.
Today we’re releasing Old Ideas, Novel Problems, a new study of how reliably large language models can evaluate the novelty of scientific research ideas. Alongside the paper, we’re publishing a benchmark, data, and code for testing novelty judges, plus an automated pipeline researchers can use to build new evaluation sets.
OpenAI shares model results on the Kakeya conjecture, Exponential Time Hypothesis, and quantum chromodynamics—and how researchers can verify and build on them.
Over the past several years, our team across Google Research and Google for Health has worked to change that trajectory: moving from an AI-based tool that builds on our existing work in medical imaging to identify people with presumptive TB for follow-up testing to prospective clinical trials, regulatory clearance with local partners, and ultimately open foundation models like MedGemma that empower public health systems worldwide.
📄 Paper Encountering a new paper can change a research idea's trajectory. The researcher may discover that someone has already addressed their proposed contribution, or find an unresolved problem in the paper that inspires a new direction of inquiry. We call this process a literature-initiated pivot : a change in research direction prompted by reading prior work.
This is the follow up to our first blog post, The Agent Said It Was Done. The Database Disagreed. ThinkingBox-Training is now available on GitHub . We built ThinkingBox to evaluate an agent's work by comparing the final database state with the expected outcome.
A global map categorizing every 10-meter patch of land on Earth into distinct forest types.
For decades, a fundamental question about the difficulty of computing in high-dimensional spaces has resisted proof. New research resolves this question, removing a major theoretical obstacle to understanding the efficiency of randomized algorithms used across science and computing. The Kannan–Lovász–Simonovits (KLS) conjecture was proposed in 1995.
Google Research has published a study in JAMA Network Open evaluating how well an AI model that estimates gestational age from blind-sweep ultrasound generalises across different clinical settings and hardware.
Models specialized for a domain or a task by fine-tuning general open-source models, such as Qwen and Gemma, inherit a vocabulary built for many domains and general applications. In an essay grader we run in production, that vocabulary split the text the model writes most into many tokens.
See how OpenAI, PerturbAI, and Scripps Research used distributed AI agents to uncover promising research leads in data from millions of brain cells.
Learn how i14 trained and served Laplace 3B, a linear attention model, on AWS Trainium2 using native PyTorch. Its recurrent state stays fixed at 29.5 MB per sequence regardless of context length, avoiding the growing key-value cache of transformer models and keeping serving memory predictable.
Today we’re introducing FairStress, a benchmark for measuring demographic fairness in LLMs beyond the choice a model ultimately makes in decisions impacting people. FairStress is available for download, and we’re also building it into Olmo-eval, our open workbench for running and comparing model evaluations.
ALTK-Evolve learns and applies a playbook using GPT-4.1, outperforming the retail entries on τ²-bench, a customer service agent benchmark—without updating model weights.
Frontier AI systems have the potential to transform biology research and drug discovery by intelligently navigating vast combinatorial search spaces (e.g., a single 100-amino-acid protein spans at least 20 100 possible sequences) calling for dynamic multi-candidate exploration.
Zero-knowledge proofs can verify computing results without rerunning workloads or exposing sensitive data. Magnetar helps bring them into the mainstream with support for standard programming languages, major speed gains, and quantum-resistant security.
When we introduced Google Earth AI, we shared a suite of geospatial foundation models — spanning remote sensing, weather, flood hydrology, and population dynamics — alongside an initial prototype showing how a Gemini-powered agent could connect those models to answer cross-modal questions.
🤗 Models | 📄 Paper | 📓 Tutorial notebooks | 🌎 Demo We introduce HiRO-ACEv2, the newest update to our High Resolution Output Ai2 Climate Emulator (HiRO-ACE) system.
Gemini 4 Argon is a step forward in what models can do — especially when it comes to deep work in complex, real-world tasks across domains including coding, finance, legal, cybersecurity, and science. Its cyberdefense capabilities are frontier-level and designed to give defenders an advantage over attackers.
StudentSim is a research system for evaluating and improving AI tutoring tools before they are tested with learners. It models how individuals may engage with tutors, giving feedback to improve tutor performance across subjects like chess, writing, and mathematics.
In “Does AI Assistance Enhance or Erode Expertise? Evidence from a Three-Month Field Experiment in Patent Drafting”, published by the National Bureau of Economic Research, we describe a field experiment used to capture changes in both short-term productivity and longer-term skill building that occur as a result of AI
The International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI) and the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) test different skills. IOI requires algorithms and code that pass hidden tests under strict time and submission limits. IMO demands rigorous natural-language proofs.
OpenAI publishes new results on open problems in mathematics from an internal frontier model and shares Lean proof formalizations and research details on GitHub.
Public health decisions rely heavily on timely, granular data. For health conditions, such as cardiovascular disease or postpartum depression, that data shows us where to focus resources and support. For acute disease outbreaks, such as dengue or cholera, it can help inform urgent operational protocols and resource allocation.
We're rapidly transitioning to a computing landscape defined by highly general, increasingly autonomous agents. Driven by large language models (LLMs) that can dynamically generate plans and invoke external tools, these systems offer the potential for AI to seamlessly handle complex, multi-step tasks on our behalf.